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Impact of Multimedia Communication Campaign “Diz NÃO à Violência Doméstica” (Say NO to Domestic Violence)

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Nearly one-third of Mozambican women aged 15-49 who are married or live in marital union have ever experienced domestic violence, and close to one-quarter have experienced domestic violence within the past 12 months. Young women are particularly at risk for sexual violence - the percentage of young women who experience sexual violence increases from 9.3% among 15-19 year olds to 17.5% among 20-24 year olds and then lowers again to 11-12% among higher age groups.

Sexual violence is found to occur most often between the ages of 18-22. Creating awareness of sexual and domestic violence and ensuring that mechanisms to protect young women at risk or who experience violence are critical steps to reducing and mitigating domestic violence among this age group.

In 2008, N'weti, a Mozambican non-for-profit organisation that uses communication strategies and advocacy to promote health, launched a multimedia communication campaign entitled "Diz NÃO à Violência Doméstica" (Say NO to Domestic Violence). The campaign consisted of print materials, short films, documentaries, a radio phone-in programme, a radio drama, and radio advertisements. One of the objectives of the campaign was to enact social change for the reduction of domestic violence.(For more information, see Related Summary below)

In 2011/2012, Tulane University was commissioned to conduct an evaluation of N'weti's interventions, including the domestic violence campaign. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of exposure to the N'weti's interventions on experience of violence, knowledge of violence as a crime, community engagement, and perceived social norms among young women aged 15-24 years.

Methodologies
The evaluation used a nationally representative survey of males and females aged 15-49. A subsample of 1,100 young women aged 15-24 was also used. Multivariate regressions were used to assess the effectiveness of the N'weti domestic violence campaign on a set of 12 outcomes, while controlling for other factors influencing these outcomes. Two outcomes measured experience with sexual and physical violence, 8 measured norms associated with domestic violence, and 2 measured perceptions of community engagement.

Young women were categorised as having been exposed to the programme if they reported exposure to any component of the communication programme.
Knowledge Shifts
Exposure was associated with knowledge of sexual violence as a crime, with respondents disagreeing with norms stating that it is acceptable for a man to beat his wife (% disagree is 82.8% vs 61.7%) and that sexual violence is a crime (59.0% vs 40.4%).
Practices
Exposure to the programme was significantly associated with a perceived community engagement in domestic violence issues. After controlling for other factors, exposure to the programme was associated with both outcomes measuring community involvement - exposed youth were more likely to agree that leaders in their community speak out against domestic violence (23.4% vs 11.1%) - and observations that people in their community are coming together to speak out about domestic violence (21.4% vs 11.1%).
Access
Between 25 and 30% of survey respondents across the age groups 15-19, 15-24, and 20-24 reported being exposed to one or more of the communication interventions.
Other Impacts
No associations between exposure to the programme and the experience of sexual or physical violence were found. Young women exposed to N'weti's programme were no more likely to report experiencing sexual or physical violence in the past 12 months as those unexposed (forced sex was 7.4% and 5.4% and physical abuse was 5.7% and 6.4% for exposed and unexposed young women, respectively.)

Click here to download the full evaluation report in Portuguese in PDF format.
Source
This impact data is based on a Poster Presentation submitted for the International Conference on AIDS and STIs [sexually transmitted infections] in Africa (ICASA) in 2013.